Building industry
Performance of fire tests to determine the fire behaviour of roofing against external fire stressing caused by incendiary mixtures, flying embers and radiant heat.
What is assessed is the spread of fire on the roof surface, the spread of fire within the roof construction, the penetration of the roof by fire and the occurrence of burning droplets.
| Standard | Title of the Standard |
| DIN 4102-7 | Fire behaviour of building materials and building components - Part 7: Roofing; definitions, requirements and testing |
| DIN CEN/TS 1187 | Test methods for external fire exposure to roofs Test method 1: Under attack with burning brands |
| UL 790 IEC 61730-2 (MST 23) |
Standard test methods for fire tests of roof covering |
Contact person:
Performance of fire tests to determine the fire behaviour of floor coverings and for coatings as a single material and in conjunction with other building substances.
The fire behaviour of building substances is not only influenced by the type of substance but in particular also by the design, the specific surface and density, the combination with other building substances, the bonding agents and the processing technique. These influences are taken into consideration with the preparation of the tests and the selection of samples.
The performance of fire tests on horizontally arranged floor coverings and coatings serves the assessment of the fire behaviour against the air flow and the spread of flame.
| Standard | Title of the Standard |
| DIN EN ISO 9239-1 | Reaction to fire tests for floorings - Part 1: Determination of the burning behaviour using a radiant heat source (ISO 9239-1); German version EN ISO 9239-1 |
| DIN EN ISO 11925-2 | Reaction to fire tests - Ignitability of products subjected to direct impingement of flame - Part 2: Single-flame source test (ISO 11925-2); German version EN ISO 11925-2 |
| DIN EN ISO 1182 | Reaction to fire tests for products - Non-combustibility test (ISO 1182); German version EN ISO 1182 |
| DIN EN ISO 1716 | Reaction to fire tests for products - Determination of the gross heat of combustion (calorific value) (ISO/DIS 1716) |
Contact person:
Performance of fire tests on building substances to assess the fire behaviour of these substances.
The fire behaviour of building substances is not only influenced by the type of substance but in particular also by the design, the specific surface and density, the combination with other building substances, the bonding agents and the processing technique. These influences are taken into consideration with the preparation of the tests and the selection of samples.
As a rule, for the classification of the fire behaviour of building substances several test procedures are to be used.
For the determination of the tendency (capacity) of a building product to smoulder continuously, the test procedure in accordance with DIN EN 16733 is to be used. This Standard applies to all building products which are classified in accordance with EN 13501‐1.
| Standard | Title of the Standard |
| DIN 4102-1 | Fire behaviour of building materials and building components - Part 1: Building materials; concepts, requirements and tests |
| DIN 4102-15 | Fire behaviour of building materials and elements, "fire shaft" |
| DIN 4102-16 | Fire behaviour of building materials and building components - Part 16: "fire shaft" tests |
| DIN 4102-17 | Fire behaviour of building materials and building components - Part 17: Melting point of mineral wool insulating materials - Terms and definitions, requirements and test |
| DIN 18089 | Fire barriers; fillers for fire doors; mineral fibre boards (felts); definition, designation, requirements, tests |
| DIN EN ISO 1182 | Reaction to fire tests for products - Non-combustibility test (ISO 1182); German version EN ISO 1182 |
| DIN EN ISO 1716 | Reaction to fire tests for products - Determination of the gross heat of combustion (calorific value) (ISO 1716); German version EN ISO 1716 |
| DIN EN ISO 11925-2 | Reaction to fire tests - Ignitability of products subjected to direct impingement of flame - Part 2: Single-flame source test (ISO 11925-2); German version EN ISO 11925-2 |
| DIN EN 13823 | Reaction to fire tests for building products - Building products excluding floorings exposed to thermal attack by a single burning item; German version EN 13823 +A1 |
| DIN EN 16733 | Reaction to fire tests for building products - Determination of a building product's propensity to undergo continuous smouldering; German version EN 16733 |
Contact persons:
Based on the decision on the recognition as test, monitoring and certification centre in accordance with the State Building Code, MPA Dresden GmbH issues building authority test certificates for:
- Building substances upon which requirements on the fire behaviour only are placed and which are non-combustible (class DIN 4102‐A), without combustible component parts which are normally inflammable
(class DIN 4102‐B2). - Building substances upon which requirements on the fire behaviour only are placed and which are normally inflammable (class E).
- Building substances upon which requirements on the fire behaviour only are placed and which are non-combustible (class DIN 4102‐A), with combustible component parts which are normally inflammable (class DIN 4102‐B2), with
the exception of floor coverings. - Flame retardant floor coverings which are not intended for use in habitable rooms and which do not accord with EN 13813 or EN 14041 or EN 14904 or EN 14342 or EN 15285.
Fire behaviour of building products
The fire behaviour of building products is classified on the basis of the Standard DIN 4102-1 or the Standard DIN EN 13501-1. In the following tables, the building authority requirements on fire behaviour are assigned to the fire classes of the respective Standard.
The classifications in accordance with DIN 4102-1 and DIN EN 13501-1 can alternatively be used for the verification of the fire behaviour of building products.
The building substance classes specified in DIN 4102-1:1998-05, Section 3 and in the amendment 1:1998-08 to DIN 4102-1 accord with the following building authority regulations on use:
| Building authority requirement | Building material class in accordance with DIN 4102 |
| Non-combustible building substances | A A 1 A 2 |
| Combustible building substances - Flame retardant building substances - Normally inflammable building substances |
B B 1 B 2 |
| Easily inflammable building substances | B 3 |
The application of the classification in accordance with DIN EN 13501-1 is specially clarified in Appendix 0.2.2 of the Construction Regulation List (Bauregelliste) A, Part 1 or respectively MVV TTB, Appendix 0.2.1 and Appendix 0.2.2.
The characteristics of the fire behaviour of building substances (with the exception of floor coverings) classified in accordance with DIN EN 13501-1 comply with the following building authority requirements in building authority regulations on use (with the exception of floor coverings):
| Building authority requirement | Additional requirements | European class in accordance with DIN EN 13501-1¹² |
||
| No smoke | No burning debris / droplets |
Building products except linear pipe insulation |
Linear pipe insulation |
|
| Non-inflammable | x | x | A1 | A1L |
| x | x | A2 – s1,d0 | A2L – s1, d0 | |
| Flame retardant | x | x | B - s1,d0 C - s1,d0 |
BL - s1,d0 CL - s1,d0 |
| x | A2 – s2,d0 A2 – s3,d0 B – s2,d0 B – s3,d0 C – s2,d0 C – s3,d0 |
A2L – s2,d0 A2L – s3,d0 BL – s2,d0 BL – s3,d0 CL – s2,d0 CL – s3,d0 |
||
| x | A2 – s1,d1 A2 – s1,d2 B – s1,d1 B – s1,d2 C – s1,d1 C – s1,d2 |
A2L – s1,d1 A2L – s1,d2 BL – s1,d1 BL – s1,d2 CL – s1,d1 CL – s1,d2 |
||
| A2 – s3,d2 B – s3,d2 C – s3,d2 |
A2L – s3,d2 BL – s3,d2 CL – s3,d2 |
|||
| Normally inflammable | x | D – s1,d0 D – s2,d0 D – s3,d0 E |
DL – s1,d0 DL – s2,d0 DL – s3,d0 EL |
|
| D – s1,d1 D – s2,d1 D – s3,d1 D – s1,d2 D – s2,d2 D – s3,d2 |
DL – s1,d1 DL – s2,d1 DL – s3,d1 DL – s1,d2 DL – s2,d2 DL – s3,d2 |
|||
| E – d2 | EL – d2 | |||
| Easily inflammable | F | FL | ||
¹ In the European test and classification regulations, the smouldering behaviour of building substances is not covered. For applications in which the smouldering behaviour is necessary, the smouldering behaviour is to be verified in accordance with national regulations.
² With the exception of the classes A1 (without applying the footnote c to Table 1 of DIN EN 13501-1) and E, the fire behaviour of the surfaces of external walls and external wall claddings (types of construction) in accordance with DIN EN 13501-1 cannot be conclusively classified.
The characteristics of the fire behaviour of floor coverings classified in accordance with DIN EN 13501-1 comply with the following building authority requirements in building authority regulations on use:
| Building authority requirements |
European class in accordance with DIN EN 13501-1 |
| Non-combustible | A1fl A2fl – s1 |
| Flame retardant | Bfl – s1 Cfl – s1 |
| Normally inflammable | A2fl – s2 Bfl – s2 Cfl – s2 Dfl - s1 Dfl – s2 Efl |
| Easily inflammable | Ffl |
Clarification of the additional specifications for classification of the fire behaviour of building substances (including floor coverings) in accordance with DIN EN 13501-1
| Derivation of the abbreviation |
Criterion | Area of application |
| s (smoke) | Development of smoke | Requirements on the development of smoke |
| d (droplets) | Burning droplets /debris |
Requirements on the burning droplets / debris |
| ....fl (floorings) | Fire behaviour class for floor coverings |
|
| …L (linear pipe thermal insulation products) |
Fire behaviour class for products for thermal insulation of linear pipes |
- Building substances upon which requirements on the fire behaviour only are placed and
- which are non-combustible (class DIN 4102-A), without combustible component parts
- which are normally inflammable (class DIN 4102-B2).
Exceptions are building substances on List C.
- Building substances upon which requirements on the fire behaviour only are placed and which are normally inflammable (class E).
Exceptions are building substances on List C.
- Building substances upon which requirements on the fire behaviour only are placed and
- which are non-combustible (class DIN 4102-A), with combustible component parts
- which are flame retardant (class DIN 4102-B1), with the exception of floor coverings.
- Flame retardant floor coverings which are not intended for use in habitable rooms and which do not accord with EN 13813 or EN 14041 or EN 14904 or EN 14342 or EN 15285.
Rigid roofing - Types of construction for the manufacture of roofing (roof cladding) on which the requirements are placed in respect of resistance to flying embers and radiating heat.
Classes of roofing in accordance with DIN EN 13501-5 and their assignment to the building authority requirements.
| Building authority requirement | Class in accordance with DIN EN 13501-5 |
| Resistant to flying embers and radiating heat (rigid roofing) |
BROOF (t1) |
| No performance determined (soft roofing) |
FROOF (t1) |
Contact persons:
General building authority approvals are issued by the Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik (DIBt) for such building products and types in the State Building Code area of application for which there are no generally recognised codes of practice, in particular DIN Standards or which deviate significantly from these.
| Flame retardant building substances |
| Non-combustible building substances |
Contact person:
Within the scope of the monitoring of a product which is to be carried out on the basis of a general building authority test certification or a general building authority approval, tests are to be performed to some extent on the fire behaviour of these products. MPA Dresden GmbH are authorised to conduct external monitoring for the following products:
- Mineral fibre slabs as filler for fire protection doors
- Building substances upon which requirements on the fire behaviour only are placed and
- which are non-combustible, with combustible component parts
- which are flame retardant, with the exception of floor coverings.
- Flame retardant floor coverings which are not intended for use in habitable rooms and which do not accord with EN 13813 or EN 14041 or EN 14904 or EN 14342 or EN 15285.
- Intumescing building substances
- Ablation coatings
- Fire protection housing
- Sports flooring systems and flame retardant floor coverings
Contact persons:
A classification of the fire behaviour of building substances takes place on the basis of DIN EN 13501‐1. In so doing the building products are considered taking into account their practical application.
The European classification Standard is applied to three categories of building products which are dealt with separately:
- Building products with the exception of floor coverings and pipe insulation
- Floor coverings
- Pipe insulations
| Standard | Title of the Standard |
| DIN EN 13501-1 | Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests; German and English version EN 13501-1 |
Contact person:
A classification of the fire behaviour of roofing / roof cladding takes place on the basis of DIN EN 13501‐1. In so doing the building products are considered taking into account their practical application.
For the classification of roofings / roof claddings, only those test procedures
and application rules need to be used for which a specific classification is being
striven for.
| Standard | itle of the Standard |
| DIN EN 13501-5 | Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 5: Classification using data from external fire exposure to roofs tests; German version EN 13501-5 |